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Special Education

Assignment Instructions:

Read the case study to inform the assignment that follows.

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Case Study: Ana

9thgrade, Age 14

 

Background Information

Ana’s mother, who became pregnant while in high school, is a single parent who completed her GED after Ana’s birth. Her mother works full-time. Ana’s parent never married and her biological father has had very limited contact with her. Ana has no siblings, but does have two male same-age cousins. Her mother wants Ana to finish school, as she wants her to be different from other family members.

 

Medical Information

Ana had delayed physical growth from second grade to eighth grade.  Her mother took her to a physician during that time and no medical problems were reported. She has received regular medical check-ups with no noted medical concerns and no significant medical history.

 

School History

Ana entered kindergarten at age 5 after one year of preschool as a model student in the developmental preschool program at the neighborhood school. Her daycare was provided by her maternal grandmother prior to starting kindergarten. Ana has attended schools in her grandmother’s neighborhood and has had no grade retentions.

 

Attendance

Ana has missed an average of 10 days of school from grades K through 7. She had 50 days of absence in grade 8 and missed the first several weeks of grade 9. Ana has had no disciplinary referrals in any grades up to present time.

 

Grade 8 (last academic year)

Ana was absent at least 1 day per week starting mid-first quarter in the eighth grade. Her absences increased to twoor more each week by winter break. By this time, a pattern of tardiness to school in the morning also began. Ana’s mother reported to the guidance counselor, “She’s refusing to get up in the mornings…lags in getting dressed…complains of tiredness and lethargy.”Ana then arranged to stay in the guidance office to complete work independently, two hours per day in the afternoon.

Soon she was absent as many days as she attended and by April, Ana rarely attended school at all.

 

Grade 9 (current academic year)

Ana’s physical growth seems to have stopped. At 5’1”, Ana is petite and smaller than most of her peers. She attended the first two days of classes, and then did not attend again for two weeks. She is interested in playing high school sports. She has trouble making friends and keeping connections with peers, but does like teachers and converses easily with them. She has no behavior problems or referrals. She does have trouble completing homework and keeping up with notes in classes and has failing grades in several classes.

 

Testing and Evaluation

Ana was given both verbal (WISC) and non-verbal (UNIT) IQ testing. Both tests placed her in the average intelligence range with an IQ of 105.

 

Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement

Ana was given the WJIII with the following results:

Cluster Score
Broad Reading 82(low average range)
Broad Math 99 ( average range)
Broad Written Language 87 (low average range)
Subtest Scores  
Letter-Word Identification 85
Reading Fluency 81
Passage Comprehension 91
Calculation 93
Math Fluency 101
Applied Problems 104
Spelling 86
Writing Fluency 87
Writing Samples 98

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Classroom Teacher Input

Ana’s English teacher reports that Ana is able to write complete sentences, but is unable to complete a paragraph that follows the topic sentence. She often spells words incorrectly on her final draft. Additionally, she has difficulty sounding out words, which affects her reading fluency and her reading comprehension. Currently, Ana can independently read a seventhgrade text with 80% comprehension. According to a teacher given reading inventory, Ana reads 40WPM correctly at a seventhgrade level.

 

Interventions Prior to Special Education Referral

  • Attendance secretary makes daily calls to home
  • 1-to-1 sessions with guidance counselor
  • Building consultation team
  • Schedule changes
  • Truancy petition to Juvenile Court Intake
  • Small group instruction for reading
  • Small group instruction for writing
  • Extended time to complete writing tasks

     

      Reason for Referral

Ana has an escalating pattern of absenteeism,decreasing socialization with peers at school and in the community, hasfailing grades, and very low self-acceptance/self-concept.

 

Interviews

Guidance Counselor:

  • Ana spontaneously smiles and converses with him; says she is comfortable in the guidance office; says she wants to be in school to please hermom and to participate in sports; tells the guidance counselor she likes him.

Mother:

  • She does not insist Ana go to school or leave the house if she doesnot want to.

Ana:

  • Says she thinks she is a “freak” – tiny, odd looking, biracial
  • Says other kids make fun of her because she is so small
  • She tears up when she talks about herself; voice quivers
  • She acknowledges adults (smiles, “thank you”, responds to questions)
  • Says she likes adults, would rather talk with adults than peers
  • Does ask questions, initiates comments with adults
  • Has a good vocabulary and speaks fluently
  • Says she wants to make her mother happy and proud of her, but doesnot think she can
  • Says she likes sports, but is “too small” to play them
  • Says she is “close” to mother and grandmother

 

Community

Ana has had no law enforcement involvement and no court appearances. She has had no formal placements out of home and does not spend time with friends or participate with church or youth groups.

 

Assignment:

Part1: Present Level of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance (PLAAFP)

Using the Ana Case Study information, write a 400-500-word Present Level of Academic Achievement and Functional Performance (PLAAFP).

Your PLAAFP should include:

  • Student strengths;
  • Evaluations;
  • Performance in classes,
  • Influences of language, culture, and family background;
  • Strengths, preferences, and interests in nonacademic areas; and
  • Any other relevant issues.

 

Part2: Annual Goals

Write two measurable behavioral goals and two measurable academic goals for Ana. Goals should include:

  • A specific, measureable skill/behavior to be achieved in this goal; and
  • A specific measurement tool or assessment strategy

 

In addition, include a baseline for each goal that identifies the present level of the student related to theskill stated in the goal.

 

Part3: Rationale

Provide a 375-500-word rationale that clearly discusses and defends how each annual goal makes sense based on the PLAAFP and also how each goal is measurable.
Prepare this assignment according to the APA guidelines found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to Turnitin.

 

Submit this assignment to your instructor in LoudCloud.

 

Standards/Competencies Assessed:

Standards and program competencies assessed in the benchmark assignment:

  • InTASC: 2(f), 2(h), 6(c),7(b)
  • CEC: 1, 1.2,4.2
  • COE Program Competencies:
    • D1, C1.1: Teacher candidates understand how language, culture, and family background influence learning and incorporate that into planning and delivering instruction to individuals with exceptionalities. (CEC 1.1)
    • D1, C 1.2: Teacher candidates use understanding of development and individual differences to respond to the needs of individuals with exceptionalities.  (CEC 1.2)
    • D4, C 4.2: Teacher candidates use knowledge of measurement principles and practices to interpret assessment results and guide educational decisions for individuals with exceptionalities. (CEC 4.2)

 

Scoring Guide:

CRITERIA %

Value

No Evidence Nominal Evidence Unacceptable Evidence Acceptable Evidence Target Evidence
CATEGORY   0 ≤69 74 87 100
IEP: PLAAFP

COE:

D1, C 1.1

30 No submission. The PLAAFP fails to incorporate student’s academic strengths; evaluations; performance in classes; influences of language, culture, and family background; strengths, preferences, and interests in nonacademic areas. The PLAAFP inadequately incorporates student’s academic strengths; evaluations; performance in classes; influences of language, culture, and family background; strengths, preferences, and interests in nonacademic areas. The PLAAFP adequately incorporates student’s academic strengths; evaluations; performance in classes; influences of language, culture, and family background; strengths, preferences, and interests in nonacademic areas. The PLAAFP thoroughly and adeptly incorporates student’s academic strengths; evaluations; performance in classes; influences of language, culture, and family background; strengths, preferences, and interests in nonacademic areas.
IEP: Use of Data

 

COE:

D4, C 4.2

20 No submission. Educational decisions made in the annual goals do not relate to the assessment results provided in the case study. Educational decisions made in the annual goals do not fully reflect the assessment results provided in the case study. Educational decisions made in the annual goals generally reflect the assessment results provided in the case study. Educational decisions made in the annual goals clearly and accurately reflect the assessment results provided in the case study.
IEP: Measurable Goals: Individual Needs

 

COE:

D1, C 1.2

20 No submission. Goals fail to be developmentallyappropriate and do not respond to the individual needs of the student in the case study. Assessment tool or strategy for measuring goals fails to be described inthe goals. Goals are insufficientand developmentally inappropriate and respond to the individual needs of the student in the case study. Assessment tool or strategy for measuring goals is weakly described in the goals. Goals are sufficient and developmentally appropriate and respond to the individual needs of the student in the case study. Assessment tool or strategy for measuring goals is clearly described in the goals. Goals are well-defined, measureable, and developmentally appropriate and respond to the individual needs of the student in the case study. Assessment tool or strategy for measuring goals is clearly described and well-aligned to the goals.
Rationale 20 No submission. The rationale is not related to the assignment. The rationale inadequately supports reasonable and/or measurable goal choices. The rationale supports reasonable and measurable goal choices. The rationale is comprehensive and thoroughly supports goal choices.
Mechanics of Writing 

(includes spelling, punctuation, grammar, language use)

 

 

10 No submission. Surface errors are pervasive enough that they impede communication of meaning.Inappropriate word choice and/or sentence construction are used. Submission contains frequent  mechanical and conventional errors or non-relevant language that affects meaning and clarity. Submission is largely free of mechanical errors, although a few are present.  Word choice reflects basic, consistent, appropriate use of practice and topic-related language.  

 

 

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