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SCI 220 Week 2 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam
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In this graded assignment, you will be assessed on the content covered in this week’s readings, activities, and assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-Test Learning Activities prior to completing this exam.
Click on the Assignments link in WileyPLUS to access the Week 2 Exam.
Complete the Week 2 Exam covering this week’s assigned readings:
Ch. 4, Carbohydrates: Sugars, Starches, and Fibers
Ch. 5, Lipids, Fats, Phospholipids, and Sterols
Ch. 6, Proteins and Amino Acids
Note: Upon completing the Weekly Exam within WileyPLUS, know that the “To Do” Carousel on the Class Home will not update. The “To Do” Carousel will mark graded these assignments as complete as soon as the faculty member transfers the grade from the WileyPLUS system, into the University of Phoenix gradebook.
Question 4
Your answer is correct.
Glucagon:
stimulates the breakdown of liver glycogen.
promotes the synthesis of glucose.
raises blood glucose levels.
all of these choices
Question 5
Your answer is correct.
The sports drink G2 has 17 grams of carbohydrate in a 20 ounce bottle. How many calories does this provide from carbohydrate?
18 calories
38 calories
68 calories
128 calories
Question 10
Your answer is correct.
Which of the following statements about micelles is true?
They break the bonds that hold fatty acids to glycerol.
They help facilitate the absorption of lipids in the small intestine.
They help transport lipids in the bloodstream.
They are essential in the diet.
They are transformed into chylomicrons in the blood.
Question 13
Your answer is correct.
All of the following foods contain cholesterol except:
boiled egg
hamburger cooked on the grill
avocado
salmon
Question 16
Your answer is correct.
Elise is trying to manage her blood cholesterol, so she wants to purchase some crackers that do not have saturated fat in them. Which oil, if it appears in the ingredient list should she avoid?
canola oil
coconut oil
olive oil
soybean oil
Question 17
Your answer is correct.
To maintain a healthy body weight, Shaundra needs to eat 1850 calories per day. To be within the DRIs recommendations for total fat intake, which of the following amounts of total fat should be her upper limit
21 grams
31 grams
45 grams
72 grams
Question 20
Your answer is correct.
The role of hydrochloric acid in protein digestion is to
break down polypeptide chains.
denature the protein.
slow peristalsis.
stimulate production of digestive enzyme in pancreas.
Question 22
Your answer is correct.
When your diet is high in iron, the gene that codes for the protein ferritin, which stores iron, is turned on. This scenario best describes which of the following processes?
energy production
gene expression
mineral synthesis
transamination
Question 23
Your answer is correct.
The amino acid pool is comprised of the
only molecules that have been broken down from body proteins
protein molecules only consumed in the diet
protein molecules only consumed in the diet and from the breakdown of body glycogen
protein molecules consumed in the diet and from the breakdown of body proteins
Test Bank, Question 33
Which of the following conclusions can be accurately drawn from the results depicted in this visual?
Following a high-fiber diet increases transit time.
Following a low-fiber diet decreases transit time.
Following a low-fiber diet adds weight to the weight.
Stool weights are greater and transit times are shorter for Ugandan villagers.
Test Bank, Question 64
_____fiber lowers blood cholesterol levels.
Insoluble
Indigestible
Refined
Soluble
Test Bank, Question 36
Line B shows the glycemic response after eating potatoes. Which of the following foods is most likely to cause a glycemic response similar to that shown in line B?
Dinner roll
Peanut butter
Egg
Cheddar cheese
Pre-Lecture, Question 19
Positive nitrogen balance:
occurs when more nitrogen is excreted than consumed
indicates that the body is losing weight
occurs when the body is growing
does not exist since nitrogen intake always equals nitrogen output
Test Bank, Question 66
A high fiber diet may help:
normalize blood glucose levels.
reduce the incidence of hemorrhoids.
with weight loss.
all of these choices
Test Bank, Question 68
All of the following statements are true about the typical US diet and carbohydrate recommendations EXCEPT:
Adults typically eat the recommended amount of fiber.
Most adults meet the recommendations for the amount of carbohydrate they should have each day.
Most of the carbohydrate in the diet comes from refined carbohydrate sources.
The diet is higher in added sugar than is recommended.
Test Bank, Question 51
Fatty acids cannot be used to make glucose because:
they are metabolized only by anaerobic processes.
they do not have enough energy in their molecular structure to generate glucose molecules.
the reactions that break them down produce two-carbon molecules.
the products of their metabolism combine too quickly to form other compounds that the body uses for energy.
Test Bank, Question 10
Which of the following statements regarding glucose is FALSE?
Glucose is the main component of starch and glycogen.
Glucose is also called blood sugar.
Glucose is the most common disaccharide in our diet.
Glucose is the most important carbohydrate fuel for the human body.
Test Bank, Question 29
Which two lipoproteins deliver triglycerides to body cells?
Chylomicrons & VLDL
HDL & LDL
LDL & VLDL
VLDL & HDL
Test Bank, Question 12
Which of the following is not a tropical oil?
Coconut oil
Palm kernel oil
Palm oil
Safflower oil
Test Bank, Question 7
The majority of _ is located in cell membranes, but is also a part of myelin, the insulating coating on nerve cells.
cholesterol
omega-3 fatty acids
phospholipids
triglycerides
Test Bank, Question 8
__, when consumed in the diet, can help reduce blood cholesterol levels.
Animal fat
Calcium
Plant sterols
Vitamin D
Test Bank, Question 40
__ splits fatty acids into two-carbon units that form acetyl-CoA and releases high-energy electrons.
Anaerobic metabolism
Beta-oxidation
Lipoprotein lipase
The citric acid cycle
Test Bank, Question 6
_ is an important component of cell membranes, forming a lipid bilayer by orienting the water-soluble portion towards the water environment.
Cholesterol
Phospholipid
Saturated fatty acid
Triglyceride
Test Bank, Question 47
Research indicates that the initiation of atherosclerosis may be related to all of the following except:
elevated blood levels of glucose
infection
low blood pressure
smoking
Test Bank, Question 110
If the percentage of calories from fat has declined since 1971, why are so many Americans overweight or obese?
Consumption of hidden fats has decreased.
Consumption of whole grains has increased.
People still aren’t drinking skim milk.
Total calorie consumption has increase.
Test Bank, Question 30
Which lipoprotein contains the highest proportion of protein?
Chylomicron
HDL
LDL
VLDL
Test Bank, Question 14
The three-dimensional shape of a protein is impacted by all of the following EXCEPT the
chemical properties of the amino acids.
folding of the polypeptide.
number of essential amino acids.
order of the amino acids.
Test Bank, Question 31
Which of the following represents the correct sequence of steps that occur in protein synthesis?
translation → transcription → mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes
mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes → translation → transcription
transcription → mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes → translation
mRNA takes genetic code to ribosomes → transcription → translation
Test Bank, Question 69
Which of the following is the most likely responsible for the health-promoting effects (reduced incidence of obesity, high blood pressure, and some types of cancer) of vegetarian diets?
High intake of fiber
High intake of tofu
Low intake of sodium
The total dietary pattern
Test Bank, Question 32
Amino acids are used to make all of the following EXCEPT
creatine.
histamine.
melanin.
Vitamin D.
Test Bank, Question 10
If the diet is deficient in one or more of the _____amino acids, the body must break down existing proteins to provide the amino acids.
nonessential
essential
dispensable
dipeptide
Test Bank, Question 47
As validated by evidence-based research, the major health concern with high-protein diets is
dehydration.
kidney stone formation.
urinary calcium excretion.
a high intake of saturated fat and cholesterol.
Test Bank, Question 53
Which of the following is NOT a common food allergen?
Chicken
Eggs
Low-fat milk
Wheat germ
Test Bank, Question 23
Review where digestive processes of protein occur. Select the letter that indicates where mechanical breakdown of protein occurs.
A
B
C
D
Test Bank, Question 68
All of the following statements are true about the typical US diet and carbohydrate recommendations EXCEPT:
Adults typically eat the recommended amount of fiber.
Most adults meet the recommendations for the amount of carbohydrate they should have each day.
Most of the carbohydrate in the diet comes from refined carbohydrate sources.
The diet is higher in added sugar than is recommended.
Test Bank, Question 50
When there is not sufficient carbohydrate to completely metabolize fatty acids, these molecules form:
amino acids.
carbon dioxide.
ketones.
oligosaccharides.
Test Bank, Question 18
Which of the following is a major dietary source of soluble fiber?
Beans
Broccoli
Maltose
Wheat bran
Pre-Lecture, Question 19
Positive nitrogen balance:
occurs when more nitrogen is excreted than consumed
indicates that the body is losing weight
occurs when the body is growing
does not exist since nitrogen intake always equals nitrogen output
Test Bank, Question 21
Which type of complex carbohydrates are depicted in the visual?
Insoluble fiber
Starch
Soluble fiber
Starch and Soluble fiber
Test Bank, Question 29
Which of the following statements regarding the incidence of lactose intolerance is correct?
Native Alaskans have the lowest incidence of lactose intolerance.
This map illustrates the dramatic variation in the incidence of lactose intolerance worldwide.
Different races and ethnicities have varying rates of incidence of lactose intolerance.
Those living in South America have the lower incidence of lactose intolerance than those living in southern Africa.
Test Bank, Question 56
Your friend Jason has diabetes and developed hypoglycemia. Of the following situations, which is the most likely reason why he developed hypoglycemia?
He ate too much refined carbohydrate.
He drank too much water.
He took too much of his medication that is used to control his blood sugar.
It was probably warm outside and he sweat excessively.
Test Bank, Question 64
_____fiber lowers blood cholesterol levels.
Insoluble
Indigestible
Refined
Soluble
Test Bank, Question 29
Wh
Chylomicrons & VLDL
HDL & LDL
LDL & VLDL
VLDL & HDL
Test Bank, Question 119
One egg contains __ % of the daily recommendation for cholesterol intake.
20
200
67
50
Test Bank, Question 121
Which of the following foods is lowest in saturated fat?
Whole milk
Bacon
Cheddar cheese
Eggs
Test Bank, Question 28
The remains of chylomicrons:
are converted into glycerol
bind to an LDL receptor
consist mostly of free fatty acids
travel to the liver to be disassembled
Test Bank, Question 5
The lipid that makes up most of the lipids in our body is:
cholesterol
lecithin
phospholipid
triglyceride
Test Bank, Question 12
Which of the following is not a tropical oil?
Coconut oil
Palm kernel oil
Palm oil
Safflower oil
Test Bank, Question 20
After long-chain fatty acids have been absorbed into the mucosal cells, they are re-assembled into:
cholesterol
fat-soluble vitamins
micelles
triglycerides
Test Bank, Question 118
When weight is gained, how does it affect the tissue cells that are illustrated in this micrograph?
Photo credits: (left) Karen Kasmauski/NG Image Collection, (right) Ed Reschke/Peter Arnold, Inc.
The triglyceride droplets enlarge in size.
The triglyceride droplets increase in number.
The triglyceride droplets remain unchanged.
The triglyceride droplets shrink in size.
Test Bank, Question 25
Since chylomicrons are too large to enter the capillaries in the small intestine, they pass into the:
gallbladder
large intestine
lymph
stomach
Test Bank, Question 53
Which of the following is NOT a common food allergen?
Chicken
Eggs
Low-fat milk
Wheat germ
Test Bank, Question 69
Which of the following is the most likely responsible for the health-promoting effects (reduced incidence of obesity, high blood pressure, and some types of cancer) of vegetarian diets?
High intake of fiber
High intake of tofu
Low intake of sodium
The total dietary pattern
Test Bank, Question 42
Marasmus is a form of malnutrition that negatively impacts which of the following developing organs the worst?
The brain
The liver
The kidneys
The teeth
Test Bank, Question 19
_ , an enzyme, is produced in the stomach and breaks some of the peptide bonds in polypeptide chains.
Amylase
Denaturase
Dipeptidase
Pepsin
Test Bank, Question 45
Why is protein-energy malnutrition more common in children than adults?
The child’s stomach cannot digest protein from the diet.
Adults eat protein sources from the diet that have a higher absorption rate.
Because children are growing, their protein needs per unit body weight are higher.
Children do not eat enough total calories so that protein must be used as an energy source.
Test Bank, Question 14
The three-dimensional shape of a protein is impacted by all of the following EXCEPT the
chemical properties of the amino acids.
folding of the polypeptide.
number of essential amino acids.
order of the amino acids.
Test Bank, Question 24
Review where digestive processes of protein occur. Select the letter that indicates where protein-digesting enzymes are released from this organ, which aids brush border enzymes to breakdown protein.
A
B
C
D
Test Bank, Question 10
If the diet is deficient in one or more of the _____amino acids, the body must break down existing proteins to provide the amino acids.
nonessential
essential
dispensable
dipeptide
Which of the following represents a monosaccharide:disaccharide:complex carbohydrate?
fructose:galactose:soluble fiber
glucose:maltose:lactose
glucose:sucrose:insoluble fiber
sucrose:lactose:galactose
Starch and dietary fiber are classified as:
complex carbohydrates.
monosaccharides.
refined sugars.
simple sugars.
_ cannot be digested by human digestive enzymes.
Fiber
Glycogen
Maltose
Starch
Most starch digestion and breakdown of disaccharides occurs in which section of the GI tract?
A
B
C
D
In regard to the development of atherosclerosis, which of the following represent the correct sequence of events?
Macrophages form ― secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process ― LDLs migrate to artery wall
Secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process ― macrophages form ― LDLs migrate to artery wall
Macrophages form ― LDLs migrate to artery wall ― secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process
LDLs migrate to artery wall ― macrophages form ― secreted chemicals promote an inflammatory process
Lipoprotein lipase breaks down the triglycerides in chylomicrons into:
amino acids
cholesterol and fatty acids
glucose
glycerol
fatty acids and glycerol
Based on the information presented in the graph, which food is highest in polyunsaturated fatty acid?
Coconut oil
Olive oil
Salmon
Sunflower oil
Examples of unsaturated fatty acids include:
coconut oil
corn oil
palm oil
plant sterols
Which of the following is not a function of lipids in the body?
Absorption of water-soluble vitamins
Insulation from changes in temperature
Source of energy
Structural component of cell membranes
Based on the type of fat found in the following foods, which would be the healthiest choice for lunch from the fruit group?
Apple fritter
Fried banana fruit kebab
Cherry pie with low-fat vanilla ice cream
Avocado slices, olive oil, and balsamic vinegar
HDLs:
contain a high proportion of cholesterol.
function similarly to chylomicrons, transports lipids away from the liver.
return cholesterol from other lipoproteins and body cells to the liver.
are formed in the mucosal cell.
Which lipoprotein has the highest proportion of triglyceride?
Chylomicron
HDL
LDL
VLDL
Kyle had a brother who exhibited heart disease at age 62 and a sister who exhibited heart disease at age 64. Based on the age at which his brother and his sister exhibited heart disease, is Kyle considered to have a family history of heart disease?
Yes, based on the age of his brother only
Yes, based on the age of his sister only
Yes, based on the ages of both his sister and brother
No, based on the ages of both his sister and brother
Someone whose nitrogen output is greater than their nitrogen intake is said to be in
nitrogen balance
positive nitrogen balance
negative nitrogen balance
There is insufficient information provided to determine the status.
Which of the following symptoms is characteristic of kwashiorkor?
Decreases in intelligence and learning ability
Energy deficiency
Muscle wasting
Swollen belly
Which of the following scenarios is a possibility if an amino acid supplement overwhelms the amino acid transport system?
The amino acids from the supplement will use an alternate transport system.
The amino acids from the supplement will be eliminated from the body.
The amino acids from the supplement will compete with each other, increasing absorption of other amino acids.
The amino acids from the supplement will compete with each other, slowing absorption of other amino acids.
In general, plant sources of protein provide _____absorbable forms of iron, zinc, and calcium as compared to animal protein sources.
less
equally
more
As validated by evidence-based research, the major health concern with high-protein diets is
dehydration.
kidney stone formation.
urinary calcium excretion.
a high intake of saturated fat and cholesterol.
