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NUR-631 Advanced Physiology and Pathophysiology
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Genetics is the sequence of DNA that is inherited. Epigenetics is the study between the environment effects on genes that determines if a gene is expressed. Epigenetics can change the phenotype while not changing the genotype. This change called epigenetic change occurs natural however, it can be influenced by environmental factors. Research in epigenetics is important in psychiatry as psychiatric disorders are based on evaluations and are considered challenging. Epigenetics Lockwood, Su and Youssef (2015), described epigenetics ad the changes to the genome that may be turned on or turned off, and does not change the nucleotide sequence or structure. Environmental factors can modify the epigenetic profile, factors include diet, stress, drugs and life experiences (Oh et al., 2015). Even in the absence of exposure to environmental factors, epigenetic changes may occur in the phenotype. Epigenetic change occurs via chromatin modeling, DNA myelination and demyelination, mRNA slicing/editing and translation, ribosome biogenesis and microRNAs (Millan, 2012). Mental Health Mental health involves a person’s emotional and cognitive well-being. Mental health illness’ commonality has been increasing in the United States. According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), “one in five adults in 2014 had a mental illness (43.6 million adults) and 11.4 percent of youths from ages 12 to 17 (2.8 million teens) had a major depressive episode” (Hedden, Kennet, Lipari, Medley, & Tice, 2015). Despite mental health problems being this common in our society there is still a stigma related with this population. Along with the issues of high mental health illness numbers and stigma, epigenetics has gained interest in this filed to assist with understanding of its impact in psych
NUR 631 Physiology and Pathophysiology
