d. Global warming is the natural return of a large % of heat energy to the earth and the green house effect is the increase in the amount of heat energy returned to the Earth caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases

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Practice Final

Chemistry and Society CHM 1300 Name: ___________________________

1. Which “law” allows the balancing of equations?

a. Law of conservation of Matter and Mass

b. Law of Octets

c. Law of Chemical Equations

d. Third Law of Thermodynamics

2. Write the following numbers in correct scientific notation. (1pt/each)

a. 72000000, the number of cigarettes smoked per hour in the US. ______________

b. 0.00022 g, the number of grams of NO2 that can be detected by smell in 1 m3 of air______________

3. Write the following numbers in standard decimal notation (1pt/each)

a. 2.521 x 102 ____________

b. 6.52 x 10-3 _____________

4. Which component of the air is an element? 

a. H2O

b. NO2

c. O3

d. CO2

5. Air is a(n) 

a. element.

b. compound.

c. mixture.

d. pure substance.

6. Classify each of these substances as an element, a compound or a mixture

a. A bar of scented soap ______________

b. A slab of palladium _______________

c. A cup of ketchup _________________

d. A tablespoon of table salt ________________

7. Ozone (O3) is a different form of oxygen than O2. It is a(n)

a. Isotope

b. buckminsterfullerene

c. allotrope

d. the air quality index

8. What are the two major gases that comprise the air we breathe?

9. What gas is the most abundant in exhaled air?

10. Ozone absorbs radiation that has a wavelength (() of 300 nm.

Remember: 1nm = 1 x10-9 meters

c = 3.0 x 108meters/sec

Frequency ( ( ) = c / ( (Wavelength)

a. What is that wavelength (() in meters? (1pt)

b. Calculate the frequency (() of light corresponding to this wavelength (1 pt)

11. What is the atomic number for Fluorine?

a. 6

b. 9

c. 12

d. 19

12. Which set of units is in order of increasing concentration [smallest to largest] ?

a. 1% < 1ppm < 1ppb

b. 1ppm < 1ppb < 1%

c. 1ppb < 1ppm < 1%

d. 1ppm < 1% < 1ppb

13. What two factors are considered when determining the risk assessment for air pollutants? 

a. exposure and ppm

b. percentage and ppm

c. toxicity and percentage

d. toxicity and exposure

14. The pH of rain water falling through an unpolluted atmosphere is closest to: 

a. 4.7

b. 5.4

c. 7.0

d. 8.7

15. What is the correct symbol for the element gold?

a. Ag

b. Ga

c. Si

d. Au

16. Draw two a water molecule, include the correct partial charges, any intermolecular force and any non-bonded electrons.

17. The fact that electrons in many molecules are arranged so that every atom shares in eight electrons is known as

a. Resonance forms

b. Octet rule

c. Lewis structures

d. Quantized photons

18. Circle all of the atmospheric components which do contribute to global warming? 

a. H2O

b. CO2

c. N2

d. O3

19. The ozone hole is most prominent on Earth over which region?

a. North America

b. Europe

c. Africa

d. Antarctica

20. How many non-bonded pairs of electrons are in a water molecule H2O?

a. four

b. three

c. two

d. one

21. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in a neutral atom of 5525Mn?

a. protons = 55, neutrons = 25, electrons = 25

b. protons = 30, neutrons = 25, electrons = 30

c. protons = 25, neutrons = 30, electrons = 25

d. protons = 25, neutrons = 55, electrons = 30

22. The EPA limit for CO is 9 ppm. Express this number as a percentage. 

a. 90%

b. 9%

c. 0.09%

d. 0.0009%

23. Balance the following chemical equations: (2pts each )

a. ___H2 + ___O2 ( ___H2O

b. ___C2 H6 + ___O2 ( ___CO2 + ___H2O

24. Which sub-atomic particle changes in number when you compare the neutral atoms

Ag-109 and Ag-107?

a. There are two more neutrons in Ag-109

b. There are two more proton in Ag-109

c. There are two more electron in Ag-109

25. Which of these is a balanced equation for the combustion of octane (C8H18)?

a. 4 C8H18 + 5 O2  5 CO2 + 10 H2O

b. C8H18 + 3 O2  8 CO2 + 6 H2O

c. 2 C8H18 + 25 O2  16 CO2 + 18 H2O

d. 3 C8H18 + 5 O2  24 CO2 + 10 H2O

26. The highest (or uppermost) layer of our atmosphere is the 

a. troposphere.

b. ozone layer.

c. stratosphere.

d. mesosphere.

27. Which statement about Ozone is correct?

a. Ozone is considered beneficial in the troposphere because it protects us from ultraviolet light but is an air pollutant in the stratosphere.

b. Ozone is considered beneficial in the stratosphere because it protects us from ultraviolet light but is an air pollutant in the troposphere.

c. Ozone is considered an air pollutant is all levels of the atmosphere.

d. Ozone is considered beneficial in all levels of the atmosphere

28. Which type of radiant energy has the shortest wavelength:

a. infrared

b. ultraviolet

c. visible

d. microwaves

29. A substance that can NOT be broken down into simpler substances by chemical or physical process is:

a. A mixture

b. An element

c. A solution

d. A compound

30. The chemical formula for nitrogen monoxide is: 

a. N2O2

b. N2O

c. NO2

d. N2O3

31. Which form(s) of water disinfection do/es NOT continues to provide antibacterial protection after the water leaves the purification plant? 

a. chlorination

b. ozonation

c. UV radiation

d. Filtration

32. Draw the Lewis Dot structure for the following:

a. N2

b. NH3

c. H2S

33. Which statement is correct? 

a. UV-A is the most energetic of the three forms of UV light.

b. UV-B is the most energetic of the three forms of UV light.

c. UV-C is the most energetic of the three forms of UV light.

d. UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C are equally energetic.

34. What is the molar mass of Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)?

a. 6.02 x 1023 grams per mole NO2

b. 60 grams per mole of NO2

c. 46 grams per mole of NO2

d. 30 grams per mole of NO2

35. Given one mole of sulfur dioxide (SO2), how many atoms of oxygen do you have? (Avogadro’s number is 6.0 x 1023).

a. 3.0 x 1023

b. 6.0 x 1023

c. 12 x 1023

d. 1 x 10223

36. A substance that dissolves another substance is called

a. solute

b. solution

c. solvent

d. mixture

37. The correct Lewis dot structure for HCl is: 

a.

b.

c.

d.

38. The largest percentage of energy from the Sun comes to Earth in the form of

a. Microwave radiation

b. Infrared radiation

c. Visible radiation

d. Ultraviolet radiation

39. The main products of a complete combustion reactions are:

a. carbon monoxide and water

b. carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide

c. oxygen, nitrogen and water

d. carbon dioxide and water

40. The chemical formula for Barium chloride is

a. BaCl

b. Ba2Cl

c. BaCl2

d. Ba3Cl2

41. Bases are substances that release __________ in aqueous solution.

a. Hydroxide ions

b. Water molecules

c. Hydrogen ions

d. Carbon dioxide

42. Show the ions formed when each of the following compounds are dissolved in water.

a. LiCl

b. H2SO4

c. Ba(OH)2

43. Isotopes of an element have the same number of ______, but different numbers of ______. 

a. electrons; protons

b. protons; neutrons

c. neutrons; protons

d. protons; electrons

44. How do the terms greenhouse effect and global warming differ?

a. There is no difference, the refer to the same thing

b. Greenhouse effect refers only to processes in a limited region of the Earth’s surface. Global warming refers to processes that are global in nature.

c. Global warming is the increase in the amount of heat energy returned to the Earth caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and greenhouse effect is the natural return of a large % of heat energy to the earth.

d. Global warming is the natural return of a large % of heat energy to the earth and the green house effect is the increase in the amount of heat energy returned to the Earth caused by increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases

45. You have in front of you a one flask containing 3 liters of 2M HNO3.

Answer the following questions about this solution.

a. How many moles of HNO3 are in the solution? (1pt)

b. How many grams of HNO3 are in the solution? (2pts)

46. The equation E = h( = hc/( indicates the relationships among energy frequency, and wavelength for electromagnetic radiation.

a. Which two variables are directly related? ____________

b. Which are two pairs are inversely related? ____________, __________

47. Which is the formula for the Hydrogen ion?

a. OH- (aq)

b. H3O+ (aq)

c. OH2- (aq)

d. H+ (aq)

48. Which is a true statement about the shaded elements in this Periodic Table?

a. They belong to Group VIIA.

b. They belong to Group VIB.

c. They belong to Period 7.

d. They are all metals.

49. Which is the formula for the Hydronium ion?

a. OH- (aq)

b. H3O+ (aq)

c. OH2- (aq)

d. H+ (aq)

50. UV-C has a wavelength range of 200- 280 nm

Remember: 1nm = 1 x10-9 meters

c = 3.0 x 108meters/sec

Frequency ( ( ) = c / ( (Wavelength)

a. Express the wavelength or ( of 240nm, in meters (2pts)

b. Calculate the frequency (() of light corresponding to this wavelength (2pts)

51. Potable water refers to water :

a. That is fit for human consumption

b. That has a lot of debris or particulate matter

c. That has a high sulfate ion concentrations (SO4)2-

d. That has a lot of calcium, magnesium and/or iron ions

52. Which statement is FALSE?

a. Gasoline is a mixture of molecules, containing mostly hydrocarbons

b. Several decades ago, tetraethyl lead was used as a gasoline additive.

c. Oxygenated additives like ethanol help lower emissions and raise octane rating.

d. None of the answers are false, all are true

53. A single snack size candy bar has 150 Calories. Assuming that all lf the energy from eating the candy goes towards keeping your heart beating, how long can the candy bar sustain a heart beat of 80 beats per minute?

Things to remember: 1Calorie = 1kcal = 4.184 kJ

Each human heart beat requires 1J of energy

54. Which ion most likely forms from each of the following atoms?

a. Cl _______________

b. Ba ________________

c. S _________________

55. Is Barium classified as a metal or a non-metal?

56. UV-B radiation has a frequency of approximately 1017 s¯1. What is the energy of a photon of this light? 

a. 1.99 ( 10¯42 J

b. 6.63 ( 10¯17 J

c. 4.19 ( 108 J

d. 1.51 ( 1050 J

57. Barium belongs to which Group on the Periodic Table?

a. Group IA

b. Group IIA

c. Group IVA

d. Group VIIA

Use this diagram for the following questions

For this reaction: A + B  C + D

58. In the above diagram, which has the highest potential energy,

a. Reactants (A+B)

b. Products (C+D)

59. This reaction:

a. Proceeds very quickly

b. Is exothermic

c. Is Endothermic

d. Doesn’t take place

60. The carbon cycle refers to the 

a. mechanism by which carbon dioxide causes global warming.

b. frequency of light energy that affects the rotational energy of carbon dioxide.

c. oxidation of glucose to form carbon dioxide and water.

d. movement of carbon through living organisms, the atmosphere, the sea, and the earth.

61. Determine the molar mass for fluoxetine (C16H16F3NO), also known as Prozac®.  

a. 279.3 g/mol

b. 281.3 g/mol

c. 295.3 g/mol

d. 297.1 g/mol

Fill in the empty squares (1 pt each box)

[H+]	pH	[OH-]	pOH	Acid, Base , Neutral
0.01 M
1 x 10-8M
10

Matching Use a letter only once.

____ Desalination

_____Allotrope

_____Element

_____Kinetic Energy

____Thermal Energy

_____Mole

_____Combustion

_____Work

____ Potable

____ Solution

____ Carbon cycle

____ Molarity

_____Compound

_____Isotope

_____Electromagnetic spectrum

_____Joule

____ Covalent Bond

____ Solvent

____ Acid Deposition

____ Cation

____ Anion

____ Aquifer

____Hydrogen bonding

____Solute

____ Octet Rule

A. Sharing of two or more electrons between atoms

B. 6.02 x 1023 number of objects

C. Different crystal or molecular structure forms of the same element

D. Unit of energy.

E. Different mass of the same element.

F. Electrons in many molecules are arranged so that every atom shares in eight electrons.

G. Two or more elements in a fixed, characteristic chemical combination.

H. Waves of visible and non-visible light that travel at 3.0 x 108m/s

I. Substance that can not be broken down into simpler substances by chemical or physical processes.

J. Energy associated with motion

K. Movement against a restraining force

L. The energy associated with the random molecular motion

M. A reaction of a fuel with oxygen to from products

N. Spontaneous process.

O. Substance capable of dissolving other substances

P. A liquid fit for humans to drink

Q. A body of water trapped in sand and gravel below ground level (50-500 ft.)

R. Term including many way acid reaches the earth, includes fog, mist, suspensions of droplets

S. Number of moles of solute per liter of solution

T. Positively charged ion

U. Substances that dissolve in other substances.

V. Intermolecular forced between water molecules

W. Homogeneous mixture of uniform composition

X. Negatively charged ion

Y. Process of removing salt from ocean water

Z. Movement of carbon through living organisms, the atmosphere, the sea, and the Earth

Energy