This consist of 30 multiple choice questions on critical thinking. if i can get this back in a couple of hours, i would greatly appreciate it but if i can’t ok.
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- IF WE LEGALIZE MARIJUANA, THEN MORE PEOPLE WILL START TO TAKE CRACK AND HEROIN, AND THEN WE’D HAVE TO LEGALIZE THOSE TOO. BEFORE LONG WE’LL HAVE A NATION FULL OF DRUG ADDICTS ON WELFARE.
A. NON SEQUITUR
B. AD HOMINEM
C. POST HOC ERGO PROPTER HOC
D. SLIPPERY SLOPE
E. APPEAL TO EMOTION
Answer: This is the fallacy of D SLIPPERY SLOPE.
This is arguing that a change in procedure, law, or action, will result in adverse consequences.
- THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT EXPECTS HOSPITALS TO PERFORM 10,000 ORGAN TRANSPLANTS NEXT YEAR. BUT IT IS DOUBTFUL THAT THIS MANY DONOR ORGANS WILL BE AVAILABLE, SINCE THE NUMBER OF FATALITIES RESULTING FROM CAR AND MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS HAS BEEN DROPPING STEADILY OVER THE PAST DECADE.
THE ARGUMENT ABOVE MAKES WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING ASSUMPTIONS?
A. A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF THE ORGANS USED IN TRANSPLANTS COME FROM PEOPLE WHO DIE IN CAR AND MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS.
B. THE NUMBER OF CAR AND MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS WILL INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY DURING THE NEXT YEAR.
C. NO MORE THAN 10,000 PEOPLE WILL BE IN NEED OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS DURING THE NEXT YEAR.
D. IN THE PAST THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT’S ESTIMATES OF THE NUMBER OF ORGAN TRANSPLANTS NEEDED DURING A GIVEN YEAR HAVE BEEN VERY UNRELIABLE.
E. FOR ANY GIVEN FATALITY RESULTING FROM A CAR OR MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENT, THERE IS A HOSPITAL IN THE VINCINITY IN NEED OF AN ORGAN FOR A TRANSPLANT.
Answer A: A SIGNIFICANT NUMBER OF THE ORGANS USED IN TRANSPLANTS COME FROM PEOPLE WHO DIE IN CAR AND MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENTS.
- A PROGRAM OF MODERATE AEROBIC EXERCISE COUPLED WITH A DIET LOW IN SATURATED FATS AND CHOLESTEROL HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED RISK OF HEART ATTACKS AND STROKES. THEREFORE, NO ONE WHO EXERCISES REGULARLY AND EATS ONLY FOODS THAT ARE LOW IN SATURATED FATS AND CHOLESTEROL WILL HAVE A HEART ATTACK OR STROKE.
OF THE FOLLOWING, THE BEST CRITICISM OF THE ARGUMENT ABOVE IS THAT THE ARGUMENT DOES NOT
A. SPECIFY WHETHER FOODS HIGH IN SATURATED FATS ALSO CONTAIN CHOLESTEROL
B. INDICATE WHETHER AN INCREASED RISK OF HEART ATTACKS AND STROKES IS DUE MORE TO POOR DIET OR MORE TO LACK OF EXERCISE.
C. DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE CAUSES OF HEART ATTACKS AND THE CAUSES OF STROKES.
D. TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE POSSIBILITY OF HEART ATTACKS THAT OCCUR REGARDLESS OF DIET AND LEVEL OF EXERCISE.
E. TAKE INTO ACCOUNT ALL OF THE POSSIBLE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF SATURATED FATS AND CHOLESTEROL.
Answer: D TAKE INTO ACCOUNT THE POSSIBILITY OF HEART ATTACKS THAT OCCUR REGARDLESS OF DIET AND LEVEL OF EXERCISE
The keyword here is “NO” in NO ONE WHO EXERCISES REGULARLY AND EATS ONLY FOODS THAT ARE LOW IN SATURATED FATS AND CHOLESTEROL WILL HAVE A HEART ATTACK OR STROKE.
There can be other causes of heart attack and strokes which exercise and diet cannot take care of.
- MANY FARMERS IN THE UNITED STATES ARE TURNING AWAY FROM SYNTHETIC FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES, WHOSE COSTS ARE RISING RAPIDLY, AND CHOOSING SYSTEMS OF ORGANIC FARMING DESIGNED TO REPLENISH NUTRIENTS IN THE SOIL. STUDIES INDICATE THAT ALTHOUGH IN SOME INSTANCES CROP YIELDS ARE LOWER IN THE YEARS IMMEDIATELY AFTER A FARMER CONVERS FROM A CHEMICAL TO AN ORGANIC SYSTEM, THE FARMER’S NET INCOME IN EACH OF THOSE YEARS IN NEVERTHELESS LIKELY TO BE HIGHER.
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING, IF TRUE, WOULD HELP EXPLAIN
WHY THE FARMER’S ANNUAL NET INCOME IS LIKELY TO BE HIGHER FOLLOWING CONVERSION TO AN ORGANIC SYSTEM?
A. BY GROWING NITROGEN-FIXING PLANTS ALONGSIDE A CASH CROP OVER A PERIOD OF YEARS, A FARMER CAN USUALLY INCREASE CROP YIELD DRAMATICALLY.
This is not what is stated above. ALTHOUGH IN SOME INSTANCES CROP YIELDS ARE LOWER IN THE YEARS IMMEDIATELY AFTER A FARMER CONVERS FROM A CHEMICAL TO AN ORGANIC SYSTEM
B. MANY FARMERS WHO HAVE PURCHASED EQUIPMENT USED IN CHEMICAL FARMING FEEL THAT THEY HAVE IRREVOCABLY COMMITTED THEMSELVES TO USING SYNTHETIC FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES.
This is irrelevant
C. THE MOST SUCCESSFUL SYSTEMS OF ORGANIC FARMING ARE INTENDED TO ENSURE THE CONTINUED PRODUCTIVITY OF FARMLAND.
This says nothing why the net income should be higher.
D. THE AMOUNT OF MONEY THE FARMER LOSES BY REDUCING CROP YIELD IS GENERALLY LESS THAN THE AMOUNT THE FARMER SAVES IN PRODUCTION COSTS BY SWITCHING FROM CHEMICAL FARMING TO AN ORGANIC SYSTEM.
E. FARMERS FOR WHOM ENVIRONMENTAL CONCENRS ARE PARAMOUNT ARE WILLING TO TAKE FINANCIAL LOSSES TO AVOID SYNTHETIC FERTILIZERS AND PESTICIDES.
This is irrelevant
Answer: D : THE AMOUNT OF MONEY THE FARMER …
