Only one international organization is noted, obut descriptions and rationale are unclear andit is nclear on the steps to join.

Order ready-to-submit essays. No Plagiarism Guarantee!

Note:  All our papers are written from scratch by human writers to ensure authenticity and originality.

Required Resources

Read/review the following resources for this activity:

Textbook: Chapter 15, 16, 17

Magstadt, T. M. (2017). Understanding politics: Ideas, institutions, and issues. Australia: Cengage Learning.

Lesson

Instructions

Your country just overthrew its dictator, and you are the newly elected President. Unfortunately, due to the divisions in the country and the years of war, economic, military, and political structures are non-existent. A group of loyalists to the old dictator have been detonating bombs, murdering civilians, assassinating leaders, and terrorizing towns with help from a neighboring country’s dictator.

Create a comprehensive plan for your new government. While creating this government identify the governing style, functions of various branches of government, principles that govern leaders, the maintaining of public good, which economic structure is most beneficial to your citizens, at least two domestic programs, ways to create national unity, ways to combat terrorism and violence, and international organizations to join. (See rubric for specific ways to meet the requirements of the paper.)

Paper headings:

Introduction (1 paragraph)

Introduce your country

Briefly outline all of the parts of the paper

Domestic Concerns (1-2 pages)

Identify governing style and principles that correlate to this style

Identify the branches of government and its functions

Development of two public good domestic programs and how they will meet the public good

Economic structure and reason why this should be used

Socializing citizens is noted with rationale for how it creates national unity

Foreign Concerns (1-2 pages)

Two international organizations are noted, one for economics and one for security

Descriptions of both organizations

Rationales for joining these organizations

Steps to joining

Two ways your country will combat the neighboring country’s terrorist threat and the domestic threat

Two ways these will be effective

Conclusion (1 paragraph)

Summarize information

Writing Requirements (APA format)

Length: 3-4 pages (not including title page or references page)

1-inch margins

Double spaced

12-point Times New Roman font

Title page

References page (minimum of 2 scholarly sources)

Grading

This activity will be graded based on the essay rubric.

Course Outcomes (CO): 8, 9

Due Date: By 11:59 p.m. MT on Sunday

Rubric

Week 7 Assignment: Essay – Creating Your Ideal State

Week 7 Assignment: Essay – Creating Your Ideal State

Criteria  RatingsPts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Governing style and principles of the government.

20.0 pts

The governing style is understandable and the principles support the choice of the governing style.

16.0 pts

The governing style is unclear, the principles are unclear, or the governing style and principles do not support each other.

12.0 pts

Missing one part of the governing style and principles.

0.0 pts

Missing both parts of the governing style and principles.

20.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Branches of government and its functions.

20.0 pts

Explains each branch of government and the function of the particular branch and how they support the governing style.

16.0 pts

The branches of government and their functions do not match, or the branches are discussed without talking about their functions AND how they support the governing style.

12.0 pts

Only minimally discusses branches, and their functions or the branches do not support the governing style chosen.

0.0 pts

Does not discuss the branches and their functions.

20.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Maintaining public good through at least two domestic programs

20.0 pts

Two domestic programs are created clearly explaining how public good is maintained with these programs.

16.0 pts

Two domestic programs are noted, but it’s unclear how they benefis the public good.

12.0 pts

Only one domestic program is noted, or it is unclear how the public good is maintained.

0.0 pts

No domestic program is noted.

20.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Economic structure

15.0 pts

The economic structure is named and supports the governing style with a rationale for using the structure.

12.0 pts

The economic structure is named and supports the governing style, but the rationale is unclear.

9.0 pts

The economic structure is named but does not support the governing style, and the rationale is unclear.

0.0 pts

The economic structure is not addressed.

15.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Political socializing to create national unity

15.0 pts

There is at least one method the new government will use to socialize citizens to create national unity and rationales for using these methods.

12.0 pts

The method described will create national unity, but rationale is not provided.

9.0 pts

The method described will not create national unity and rationale is not provided.

0.0 pts

No method for national unity is addressed.

15.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome International organizations

25.0 pts

At least two different international organizations, one economic and one for security, were identified with brief descriptions of the purposes of these organizations and steps on how to join.

20.0 pts

Only one international organization is noted, obut descriptions and rationale are unclear andit is nclear on the steps to join.

15.0 pts

Only one international organization was noted and no rationales and descriptions were given.

0.0 pts

International organizations were not addressed

25.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Combatting terrorism and violence

25.0 pts

Two ways were offered to combat terrorism and violence (one to deal with international threat and one with domestic).Effective rationale for solutions were offered.

20.0 pts

Two ways were offered to combat terrorism and violence (one to deal with international threat and one with domestic). Effective rationale for one or both solutions were not offered.

15.0 pts

Only one way to combat violence and sound rationale on why to use that solution was offered.

0.0 pts

Ways to combat violence is not noted.

25.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Scholarly resources

10.0 pts

Uses both the book and, at least, one outside scholarly source.

8.0 pts

Uses only the book or a scholarly source.

6.0 pts

Uses only a scholarly source and the source is not scholarly.

0.0 pts

Does not use the book or scholarly source.

10.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome APA

5.0 pts

All sources are properly cited and referenced according to APA standards.

4.0 pts

Sources are either properly cited or referenced, missing one of those elements.

3.0 pts

The citation and/or reference are incorrect.

0.0 pts

No APA format was used.

5.0 pts

This criterion is linked to a Learning Outcome Writing

5.0 pts

Presents information using clear and concise language in an organized manner (minimal errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation).

4.0 pts

Presents information using understandable language but is somewhat disorganized (some errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation).

3.0 pts

Presents information using understandable language but is very disorganized (many errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and punctuation).

0.0 pts

Presents information that is not clear, logical, professional or organized to the point that the reader has difficulty understanding the message (numerous errors in English grammar, spelling, syntax, and/or punctuation).

5.0 pts

Total Points: 160.0

Chapter 17. International Relations: The Struggle for World Order

Learning Objectives

· 1Define “power politics.”

· 2Explain the ways world politics differs from other politics.

· 3Compare the classical balance of power systems in Europe with the world order that emerged after World War II.

· 4Identify and elucidate the three biggest changes in world politics since the end of the Cold War.

· 5Elaborate on the role of the United States in the New World Order.

· 6Explain the role of international law in world politics and why it is often least enforceable when and where it is most needed.

· 7Describe the historical context that made creation of the United Nations appear to be a good idea, and identify its major structures and functions.

In 416 BCE, Athens sent ships and troops against the island of Melos, a colony of Sparta that had remained neutral and wanted no part of the war between Sparta and Athens.* Negotiating from a position of overwhelming strength, the Athenians insisted on unconditional surrender, telling the Melians, “You know as well as we do that right, as the world goes, is only in question between equals in power—the strong do what they can, and the weak suffer what they must.” The Melians responded, “And how, pray, could it turn out as good for us to serve as for you to rule?” “Because,” the Athenians answered, “you would have the advantage of submitting before suffering the worst, and we should gain by not destroying you.”

Undaunted, the Melians insisted the interest of all would be enhanced by peaceful relations between the two states. The Athenians would have no part of this logic. With ruthless disregard for justice, they reasoned that if the Melians were permitted to remain independent, they and others would take it as a sign of Athenian weakness. “[By] extending our empire,” the Athenians pointed out, “we should gain in security by your subjection; the fact that you are islanders and weaker than others rendering all the more important that you should not succeed in baffling the masters of the sea.” Thus, the cold calculus of power politics doomed the Melian state:

Reinforcements afterwards arriving from Athens in consequence, under the command of Philocrates, son of Demeas, the siege was now pressed vigorously; and some treachery taking place inside, the Melians surrendered at discretion to the Athenians, who put to death all the grown men whom they took, and sold the women and children for slaves, and subsequently sent out five hundred colonists and inhabited the place themselves.

Melos was a real place, and the tragedy depicted in the story really happened. The context was the Peloponnesian War (431–404 BCE), and we know the Melians’ cruel fate because the Greek historian Thucydides wrote about it.

Get Real! Machiavelli and Morgenthau

The greatest political thinker of the Italian Renaissance, Niccolò Machiavelli, taught that the wise ruler must always play to win, for “how we live is so far removed from how we ought to live, that he who abandons what is done for what ought to be done, will rather learn to bring about his own ruin than his preservation.”* Prudent rulers, he argued, recognize what must be done to preserve and enlarge their dominions and do not allow moral qualms to cloud their judgment. Rulers should keep their promises only when it suits their purposes to do so:

A prudent ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interes

Chapter 16. Terrorism: War, Crimes, or War Crimes?

Learning Objectives

· 1Trace the origins of terrorism.

· 2Discuss the various ways terrorism can be perceived (e.g., heroic, cowardly, an act of war), and explain how one could see it as anything other than a crime.

· 3Evaluate the war on terror as a general policy, and critique the strategy adopted in pursuit of this policy.

· 4Describe (or prescribe) a sound policy for fighting terrorism effectively.

In February 1993, long before Osama bin Laden became a household name, a yellow Ryder rental van containing a 1,200-pound bomb exploded in the parking garage of the World Trade Center in New York City, blasting a 200-foot crater in the basement. More than a thousand people were injured, and six died. Shocked citizens struggled to grasp the idea that a devastating terrorist attack had taken place against a symbol of U.S. economic might and one of the largest and most famous buildings in the world.

Eight and a half years later, on September 11, 2001, the United States watched in horror as the World Trade Center towers were hit again, this time by hijacked commercial airliners loaded with highly volatile jet fuel. The towers burned for a short time and then imploded with an incredible force that rocked downtown Manhattan, killing thousands of people still trapped inside the towers, creating a firestorm of debris, and sending a huge cloud of smoke, dust, and ash skyward that lingered over the city like an eerie, foul-smelling pall for many days.

No one knew in 1993 whether the first World Trade Center bombing was an isolated act or a sign of things to come. Now we know the answer: Terrorist attacks would become a grim reality of life nearly all across the globe in the coming decades (see Table 16.1).

Table 16.1. 

Twenty-Five Year Terrorism Timeline—1983–2008.

April 18, 1983	Suicide bombing of U.S. embassy in Beirut kills 63.
October 23, 1983	Suicide truck bombing of Marine barracks in Beirut kills 241.
December 21, 1988	Pan Am flight 103 explodes over Lockerbie, Scotland, killing 270 people, including 11 on the ground.
February 26, 1993	Bomb in a van explodes beneath the World Trade Center in New York City, killing 6 and injuring more than 1,000.
March 12, 1993	13 coordinated bomb explosions in Mumbai (Bombay), India, kill 257 people and injure some 700.
June 23, 1993	Federal investigators break up a plot by Islamic radicals to bomb the United Nations and two Hudson River tunnels.
March 20, 1995	Members of Aum Shinrikyo release deadly sarin gas in the Tokyo subway in five coordinated attacks, killing 12, severely injuring 50, and causing temporary vision problems for many others.
April 19, 1995	A truck bomb destroys the federal building in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, killing 168 and wounding more than 600. Two Americans were charged and convicted.
November 13, 1995	A car bomb explodes outside a U.S. Army training office in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, killing 7, including 5 Americans, and wounding 60 others.
April 3, 1996	The FBI arrests Theodore J. Kaczynski, a Montana hermit, and accuses him of an eighteen-year series of bomb attacks carried out by the “Unabomber.”
June 25, 1996	A truck bomb explodes outside an apartment complex in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia, killing 19 Americans and wounding hundreds more.
July 1, 1996	Federal agents arrest 12 members of the Viper Militia, a Phoenix, Arizona, group accused of plotting to blow up government buildings.
July 17, 1996	A pipe bomb explodes at a concert during the Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, killing 1 and wounding

Chapter 15. War Politics by Other Means

Learning Objectives

· 1Identify and discuss three theories on the causes of war (Hobbes, Rousseau, Locke).

· 2Contrast World Wars I and II with previous wars in history.

· 3Explain how and why war has fundamentally changed since World War II.

· 4Identify the different types of war most relevant in world politics now, and explain one or two in detail.

· 5Expand on the “just war” theory.

· 6Explain the role of ethics and morality in the conduct of modern warfare.

· 7Make a case for or against the relevance of international treaties on rules and limits in war.

War is the central problem of world politics. In the famous words of Prussian military theorist Carl von Clausewitz (1780–1831), “war is a continuation of politics by other means.” If anarchy is the absence of government and the rule of law, then world politics is an arena where anarchy reigns. Small wonder that state actors are always conscious of war as an ever-present possibility and view peace as a precarious and perilous condition.

When people think of war, they usually have in mind interstate wars—that is, conflicts between two or more nation-states. Civil warsare conflicts within a single country; they have become more common than international wars today. Guerrilla warfare is a low-tech form of fighting usually waged in rural areas by small, lightly armed mobile squads (often fed and sheltered by sympathetic villagers). Guerrillas typically carry out selective acts of violence, primarily against the army, the police, and the government, in an attempt to weaken or topple the ruler(s). Low-intensity conflicts, a fourth category, occur when one state finances, sponsors, or promotes the sporadic or prolonged use of violence in a rival country (by hiring mercenaries or underwriting guerrillas, for example).

In terms of lives lost, property damaged or destroyed, and money drained away, war is undeniably the most destructive and wasteful of all human activities. One recent study of conflict in today’s world found that 13.4% of global GDP ($14.3 trillion) went into fighting wars in 2014, while 180,000 people were killed in various conflicts (compared with 49,000 in 2010).* Estimates of the war dead in the last century alone fall in the range of 35 million, including 25 million civilians.* General William Tecumseh Sherman knew firsthand the horror of war. As a military leader, he had, in fact, been a fearsome practitioner of it. In a speech delivered fifteen years after the American Civil War, Sherman declared, “There is many a boy who looks on war as all glory, but boys, it is hell.”

But not everyone sees war the way an older and wiser General Sherman did. Some of history’s most illustrious (or infamous) personalities have reveled in the “glory” of war or acknowledged its perverse attractions. In the eighth century BCE, the Greek poet Homer noted that men grow tired of sleep, love, singing, and dancing sooner than they do of war. In his poetry, he celebrated the self-sacrifice and courage war demanded. The Greek philosopher Aristotle, writing some five hundred years later, listed courage as the first, though not the foremost, human virtue. To Aristotle, courage in battle ennobled human beings because it represented the morally correct response to fear in the face of mortal danger—danger that, in turn, imperiled the political community.

Perhaps no writer in modern times rationalized war better than the German philosopher G. W. F. Hegel, who argued, “If states disagree and their particular wills cannot be harmonized, the matter can only be settled by war.” Hegel argued war