RM.01]Look at the minerals shown below. Uranium: © 2010 Kgrr Creative Commons Copper: © 2010 Daniel Stucht Creative Commons Both uranium and copper are formed by the process of crystallization.

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S1 Rocks and Minerals 00: Pretest

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Question 1 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01]The chart below shows the amount of coal mined in four different states of USA in the year 2005.

State	Amount of coal mined (in billion tons)
West Virginia	37
Wyoming	68
Montana	120
Illinois	78

In which state was more than 100 billion tons of coal mined in 2005?

Illinois

Montana

Wyoming

West Virginia

Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01]The map below shows the minerals found in different parts of the world. Based on the map, which of the following countries mines the most coal?

Argentina

Brazil

China

United States

Question 3 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01]Look at the minerals shown below. Uranium: © 2010 Kgrr Creative Commons Copper: © 2010 Daniel Stucht Creative Commons Both uranium and copper are formed by the process of crystallization. Which of these is a step in the formation of the minerals?

elements combine due to high pressure

water solidifies due to drop in temperature

atoms break up after a chemical reaction

magma cools after a volcanic eruption

Question 4 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01]One student did an experiment with salt water. The steps of the experiment are shown below.

· Pour half a cup of salt water into a pan.

· Keep the pan outside in the sun for a day.

· Allow all the water in the pan to evaporate.

· Observe a white residue at the bottom of the pan.

The student’s experiment demonstrates that when water evaporates, it

changes into solid minerals

leaves solid minerals behind

turns solid minerals into powder

converts gases into solid minerals

Question 5 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01] Which of these are minerals?

iron and water

plants and water

gold and bauxite

concrete and bauxite

Question 6 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01] The picture below shows a copper wire. The copper wire is cut into three pieces of unequal lengths. All three pieces of copper would have

the same mass

the same physical properties

different crystal structures

different arrangement of atoms

Question 7 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01] Bauxite is best used for making

nails

wires

paints

drains

Question 8 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.01] One student did an experiment with two unknown minerals, Mineral 1 and Mineral 2. The hardness scale shown below was used for the experiment.

Mineral	Talc	Gypsum	Calcite	Fluorite	Apatite	Orthoclase
Hardness	1	2	3	4	5	6

Any mineral on the hardness scale would scratch minerals below it on the scale. The student tested Mineral 1 and observed that it could scratch only two other minerals on the hardness scale. It was observed that Mineral 2 could scratch only four other minerals on the hardness scale. Which of these is a correct conclusion the student can make about Mineral 1 and Mineral 2?

Mineral 1 can be used to scratch talc and Mineral 2 can be used to scratch orthoclase.

Mineral 1 can be used to scratch orthoclase and Mineral 2 can be used to scratch talc.

Mineral 1 can be used to scratch calcite and Mineral 2 can be used to scratch gypsum.

Mineral 1 can be used to scratch gypsum and Mineral 2 can be used to scratch calcite.

Question 9 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.02]Look at the diagram shown below. Which of these statements best summarizes the information provided by the diagram?

Melting changes all types of rocks directly into magma.

Heat and pressure change all types of rocks directly into magma.

Weathering and erosion change all types of rocks directly into sediments.

Compaction and cementation change all types of rocks directly into sedimentary rocks.

Question 10 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.02]Look at the diagram shown below. Which of these charts best classifies Rock 1, Rock 2, and Rock 3?

Name of rock	Rock 1	Rock 2	Rock 3
Type of rock	Sedimentary rock	Metamorphic rock	Igneous rock

Name of rock	Rock 1	Rock 2	Rock 3
Type of rock	Metamorphic rock	Sedimentary rock	Igneous rock

Name of rock	Rock 1	Rock 2	Rock 3
Type of rock	Igneous rock	Sedimentary rock	Metamorphic rock

Name of rock	Rock 1	Rock 2	Rock 3
Type of rock	Metamorphic rock	Igneous rock	Sedimentary rock

Question 11 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.02]The picture below shows sedimentary rocks on the Earth’s surface. The sedimentary rocks were formed by the

chemical reactions under water

accumulation of eroded rocks

melting of rocks under the ground

cooling and crystallization of magma

Question 12 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.02]The diagram below shows a process Y in the formation of rocks. Which of these best represents the sequence of steps in the process Y?

heating melting crystallization

weathering melting lithification

heating pressure crystallization

weathering deposition lithification

Question 13 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.02]One student made this incorrect diagram of the rock cycle. Which of these statements best describes a method to correct the diagram?

Interchange the labels inside ovals A and B.

Interchange the labels inside ovals A and C.

Interchange the labels on the arrows 5 and 1.

Interchange the labels on the arrows 2 and 4.

Question 14 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.02]The diagram below shows a portion of the rock cycle. Which statement best describes P and Q in the diagram?

P represents melting and Q represents igneous rocks.

P represents pressure and Q represents sedimentary rocks.

P represents crystallization and Q represents igneous rocks.

P represents transportation and Q represents sedimentary rocks.

Question 15 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.02]One student did an experiment on the rock cycle. The steps of the experiment are shown below.

· Pile wax shavings of different colors one over the other.

· Hold the pile of colored wax shavings in the palm and squeeze it for two to three minutes.

· Fold the pile and squeeze it in the palm again for a minute.

· Place the pile in a metal pan and heat until all the wax melts.

· Cool the wax overnight.

What does the student’s experiment most likely demonstrate about the rock cycle?

Heat can melt metamorphic rocks into magma, which solidifies to form igneous rocks.

Melting can convert igneous rocks into magma, which cools to form metamorphic rocks.

Pressure can solidify sediments into igneous rocks, which change into magma on being heated.

Lithification can change sediments into sedimentary rocks, which change into metamorphic rocks on being heated.

Question 16 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.04]The picture below shows a soil texture triangle. Based on the soil texture triangle, how much clay is present in sandy clay loam?

0 percent to 20 percent

20 percent to 35 percent

40 percent to 55 percent

60 percent to 80 percent

Question 17 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.04]Which of these Earth spheres interact when glaciers carry the top soil from one place to another?

atmosphere and geosphere

atmosphere and hydrosphere

cryosphere and geosphere

cryosphere and hydrosphere

Question 18 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.04] The pictures below represent three soil profiles. Which of these statements is correct about the soil profiles?

Profile A is formed after Profile B.

Profile B is formed after Profile C.

Profile A and Profile B are formed before Profile C.

Profile B and Profile C are formed before Profile A.

Question 19 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.04]Soil forms because of the

decaying of organic matter

erosion of rocks and minerals

solidification of organic matter

weathering of rocks and minerals

Question 20 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)

[RM.04]Look at the pictures below. Which of these is most likely represented by the three pictures?

types of erosion that form soil

types of decaying that form soil

physical weathering that forms soil

chemical weathering that forms soil

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