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SCI 220 Week 3 WileyPLUS Weekly Exam
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In this graded assignment, you are assessed on the content covered in this weeks’ readings, activities, and assignments. To help you prepare, it is recommended that you first complete this week’s Learning Path and Self-Test Learning Activities prior to completing this exam.
Click on the Assignments link in WileyPLUS to access the Week 3 Exam.
Complete the Week 3 Exam covering this week’s assigned readings listed below:
Ch. 7: Vitamins
Ch. 8: Water and Minerals
Note. Work submitted in WileyPLUS does not count toward attendance. Be sure to post at least two times each week in the online classrom to avoid being auto-dropped from the course.
Question 3
Your answer is correct.
It is recommended that older adults get their vitamin B12 from fortified foods and supplements because
they typically eat a poor diet.
they have higher vitamin B12 losses than other groups.
their requirement for B12 is higher than that of younger people.
many have atrophic gastritis and are not able to absorb the vitamin B12 found in foods.
Question 6
Your answer is correct.
The Intrinsic Factor is necessary for the absorption of which B vitamin?
Folate
Niacin
Riboflavin
Vitamin B12
Question 9
Your answer is correct.
Which of the following statements regarding vitamin B12 is false?
Vitamin B12 is synthesized by the microflora in the large intestine.
Vitamin B12 is absorbed in the duodenum section of the small intestine.
Vitamin B12 needs the Intrinsic Factor to be absorbed.
The body stores and reuses vitamin B12 more efficiently than it does most other water-soluble vitamins.
Question 10
Your answer is correct.
Dietary supplements have regulations that are _____strict as compared to drugs.
Less
Equally
More
Question 19
Your answer is correct.
If antidiuretic hormone levels decrease, you would expect that
less water is excreted in the urine.
more water is excreted in the urine.
no change in amount of water excreted in the urine.
Question 21
Your answer is correct.
When chromium is deficient, _______insulin is required to produce the same effect on blood sugar as when someone has adequate chromium status.
more
the same amount of
less
Test Bank, Question 53
When Vitamin C intake is below 10 mg per day, the symptoms of _ begin to appear.
beriberi
pellagra
rickets
scurvy
Test Bank, Question 41
Based on the content in this visual, identify each of the three labeled parts in A:B:C order.
cysteine: homocysteine: methionine
homocysteine: cysteine: methionine
methionine: homocysteine: cysteine
methionine: cysteine: homocysteine
Test Bank, Question 3
All of the following MyPlate food groups are good sources of folate except for the _ group.
Dairy
Fruits
Grains
Vegetables
Test Bank, Question 62
Vitamin D deficiency disease in children is called
osteopenia.
osteoporosis.
osteomalacia.
rickets.
Test Bank, Question 68
Vitamin E protects membranes in red blood cells, white blood cells, nerve cells, and lung cells. Why are these cells in particular in need of high amounts of vitamin E?
All of these cells are important in fighting infections
Oxygen concentrations in these cells are high
These cells have an especially high energy need
Lipid concentrations in these cells are high
Test Bank, Question 23
Which of the following vitamins must be included on the food label?
Niacin and thiamin
Riboflavin and iron
Vitamins A and C
Vitamins A and D
Test Bank, Question 58
The process whereby immature cells change in structure and function to become specialized is called
cell differentiation.
gene expression.
night blindness.
rhodopsin.
Test Bank, Question 20
Which of the following is/are antioxidants?
Vitamin C.
Vitamin E.
Selenium.
All of these nutrients serve as antioxidants.
Test Bank, Question 9
Brian’s need for a vitamin is 100 milligrams each day. The bioavailability of this vitamin is 35%. This means that Brian needs to consume _ milligrams each day for this vitamin to meet his needs.
65
100
135
Test Bank, Question 32
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of pellagra?
dementia
dermatitis
diabetes
diarrhea
Test Bank, Question 61
This visual represents a toxicity of _ leading the toxicity disease __.
Photo credit: A Mazzone and A. Dal Canton, The New England Journal of Medicine, 2002; 347-222-223
beta-carotene, hypercarotenemia
niacin, pellagra
vitamin A, xerophthalmia
vitamin D, rickets
Test Bank, Question 34
Which of the following are good sources of niacin?
chicken and trout
kiwi and apples
and oatmeal
orange juice and spinach
Test Bank, Question 33
Niacin is synthesized in the body from the amino acid
alanine.
leucine.
riboflavin.
tryptophan.
Test Bank, Question 72
Because selenium is part of the enzyme glutathione-peroxidase, it _ the body’s need for vitamin E.
increases
has no effect on
decreases
Test Bank, Question 67
_ enhances the bioavailability of non-heme iron.
Calcium
Niacin
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Test Bank, Question 6
In regard to the kidneys’ role in regulating water balance in the body, the term reabsorption means the amount of the substance that is:
absorbed back in to the blood after being filtered.
excreted in the urine.
filtered into the urine.
secreted from the kidneys into lymph for absorption by the liver.
Test Bank, Question 54
When blood calcium levels are low, parathyroid hormone will
increase.
not change.
decrease.
Test Bank, Question 58
Based on this visual, which of the following statements is false?
Fruits are poor sources of calcium.
Grains are good sources of calcium.
Tofu is higher in calcium than sunflower seeds.
Yogurt is higher in calcium than 1% milk and cheddar cheese.
Test Bank, Question 14
Which of the following is NOT a function of water in the human body?
Assistance in the regulation of body temperature
Protection and lubrication of joints
Regulation of blood glucose
Transportation of water-soluble nutrients
Test Bank, Question 10
Adam has just returned from his long run of 6 miles in which he forgot his water bottle. Which of the following processes is most likely happening in Adam’s body?
The pituitary gland is signaling the liver to conserve energy.
The antidiuretic hormone is signaling the kidneys to reabsorb water, thus increasing the amount of water lost in the urine.
The antidiuretic hormone is signaling the kidneys to reabsorb water, thus decreasing the amount of water lost in the urine.
His thirst mechanism has become impaired.
Test Bank, Question 73
Which deficiency disease would be common in the areas with selenium-deficient soils?
Cretinism
Hemochromatosis
Keshan disease
Pellagra
Test Bank, Question 24
Dried fruits are good sources of which of the following minerals?
Calcium and zinc
Fructose and iron
Iron and potassium
Potassium and zinc
Test Bank, Question 34
All of the following minerals are needed for the functioning of antioxidant enzymes EXCEPT for
copper
phosphorus
sulfur
zinc
Test Bank, Question 31
Which list below best reflects the minerals that aid transmission of nerve impulses and provide for optimal muscle contraction?
Calcium, sodium, iron, and magnesium
Iron, copper, selenium, and magnesium
Sodium, calcium, potassium, and chloride
Sodium, calcium, potassium, and magnesium
Test Bank, Question 57
Which of the following does not inhibit the absorption of calcium?
Oxalates
Phytates
Tannins
Vitamin D
Test Bank, Question 44
Vitamin B12 deficiency is particularly problematic because
it causes irreversible brain damage.
it causes microcytic anemia.
it prevents folate from being converted to one of its active forms.
its UL is set too high.
Test Bank, Question 60
Which of the following statements regarding vitamin A is FALSE?
Protein and zinc status are important for healthy vitamin A status.
Beta-carotene is the most potent vitamin A precursor.
Pepsin is necessary to release the vitamin A from protein-based sources.
Worldwide, vitamin A deficiency is rare.
Test Bank, Question 8
The amount of a particular vitamin in a food depends on all of the following EXCEPT
how much of the food is consumed.
how the food is cooked.
how the food is stored.
what is added to the food during processing.
Test Bank, Question 3
All of the following MyPlate food groups are good sources of folate except for the _ group.
Dairy
Fruits
Grains
Vegetables
Test Bank, Question 78
Women of childbearing age should consume _ daily from fortified foods or supplements.
Folic acid
Vitamin D
Iron
Calcium
Test Bank, Question 33
Niacin is synthesized in the body from the amino acid
alanine.
e.
riboflavin.
tryptophan.
Test Bank, Question 54
A family member has been taking Vitamin C supplements, but is now wondering if he should continue to spend money on these supplements. What have you learned about Vitamin C that might help them with an evidence-based decision?
Excessive supplementation can cause dementia.
Vitamin C is known to prevent the common cold.
Excessive supplementation can interfere with drugs prescribed to prevent blood clotting.
Excessive supplementation can cause diarrhea and can interfere with drugs prescribed to slow blood clotting.
Test Bank, Question 28
The active __ coenzyme is needed to convert pyruvate into acetyl-CoA.
folate
niacin
riboflavin
thiamin
Test Bank, Question 41
Based on the content in this visual, identify each of the three labeled parts in A:B:C order.
cysteine: homocysteine: methionine
homocysteine: cysteine: methionine
methionine: homocysteine: cysteine
methionine: cysteine: homocysteine
Test Bank, Question 26
Mary needs to increase her thiamin consumption. Which of the following contains the most thiamin?
¼ c sunflower seeds
3 oz pork chop
3 oz rainbow trout
1 c oatmeal
Test Bank, Question 90
Which of the following statements is true of vitamin E?
Supplements increase fertility even in people with adequate vitamin E status.
It is needed in energy metabolism.
Severe deficiency is a common problem in North America.
It is needed for night vision.
It protects cell membranes from oxidative damage.
Test Bank, Question 55
The symptoms of vitamin C deficiency include gums that swell and bleed. Why does this occur?
The lack of vitamin C allows bacteria in the mouth to irritate the gums.
The lack of vitamin C decreases the pH of the mouth.
There is reduced collagen synthesis.
There is increased plaque formation around the gums.
Test Bank, Question 20
Which of the following is/are antioxidants?
Vitamin C.
Vitamin E.
Selenium.
All of these nutrients serve as antioxidants.
Test Bank, Question 26
Phytic acid, tannins, and oxalates _____the absorption of many minerals.
decrease
increase
have no effect on
Test Bank, Question 10
Adam has just returned from his long run of 6 miles in which he forgot his water bottle. Which of the following processes is most likely happening in Adam’s body?
The pituitary gland is signaling the liver to conserve energy.
The antidiuretic hormone is signaling the kidneys to reabsorb water, thus increasing the amount of water lost in the urine.
The antidiuretic hormone is signaling the kidneys to reabsorb water, thus decreasing the amount of water lost in the urine.
His thirst mechanism has become impaired.
Test Bank, Question 54
When blood calcium levels are low, parathyroid hormone will
increase.
not change.
decrease.
Test Bank, Question 61
Which of the following minerals stabilizes ATP’s structure?
Calcium
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Test Bank, Question 60
Which of the following minerals have a role in blood pressure regulation?
calcium and magnesium
calcium and phosphorus
phosphorus and magnesium
potassium and zinc
Test Bank, Question 34
All of the following minerals are needed for the functioning of antioxidant enzymes EXCEPT for
copper
phosphorus
sulfur
zinc
Test Bank, Question 88
Stem: Which of the following statements about iron is true?
Iron and calcium supplements should be taken together.
Heme iron is better absorbed than nonheme iron.
Vitamin C inhibits iron absorption.
Tomatoes are a good source of heme iron.
When iron levels are high, more iron is eliminated from the body in the urine.
Test Bank, Question 65
The protein molecule that is found in red blood cells that transports oxygen to body cells is called
hapocorrin.
hemoglobin.
myoglobin.
transferrin.
Test Bank, Question 73
Which deficiency disease would be common in the areas with selenium-deficient soils?
Cretinism
Hemochromatosis
Keshan disease
Test Bank, Question 35
What occurs when a cofactor binds to an enzyme?
The enzyme is activated.
The enzyme is no longer able to function.
Minerals can more easily bind to the enzyme.
The enzyme can cross the cell membrane for transport.
Test Bank, Question 72
Because selenium is part of the enzyme glutathione-peroxidase, it _ the body’s need for vitamin E.
increases
has no effect on
decreases
Cells that are deficient in vitamin A become hard and dry because they produce _, a protein.
retinal
opsin
keratin
xerophthin
Which of the following statements regarding thiamin is true?
Alcoholics are particularly susceptible to thiamin deficiency because thiamin absorption is decreased due to the effect the alcohol has the GI tract.
Beriberi is quite common in the U.S.
Increasing thiamin intake increases the body’s ability to produce ATP.
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome is a thiamin toxicity.
Folate coenzymes are needed for the
synthesis of collagen.
synthesis of RNA.
metabolism of some vitamins.
synthesis of DNA and metabolism of some amino acids.
Which of the following populations is not at increased risk of folate deficiency?
The elderly
Non-smoking teenage males
Pregnant women
Alcoholics
A friend of yours shows you this Supplement Facts panel from a supplement marketed to reduce appetite and therefore promote weight loss. Which of the following statements is NOT one that you should share with your friend regarding the efficacy of this supplement?
This product isn’t recommended as it contains more than 100% of the DV for vitamin B6 and panthothenic acid.
I don’t recommend you use the product as it contains a number of ingredients that are not vitamins and minerals and therefore have no Daily Value or UL amounts.
The FDA monitors the label, so it should be safe to take.
I don’t recommend you take it because losing weight is all about lessening the number of kcalories you eat while increasing the number kcalories you burn.
Bernhard is a football player on your university football team and he is eating high amounts of protein. Considering his high protein intake, how should he adjust his water intake and why?
He needs to increase his daily water intake to help the kidneys excrete the protein waste products.
He needs to increase his daily water intake to help the heart pump the protein more efficiently to the muscles.
He needs to decrease his daily water intake so that a more concentrated source of protein gets to the muscles.
He needs to decrease his daily water intake so that the intestine more efficiently absorbs the protein that enters the intestinal tract.
Which of the following is not a function of magnesium?
Assists with regulation of fluid balance
Keeps blood balanced
Maintains the health of bones
Generates energy for exercise
Excess body weight is associated with _____risk of osteoporosis development.
increased
reduced
no (there is no relationship between body weight and osteoporosis development)
Which of the following does NOT increase a person’s need for water?
Following a high-fiber diet
Following a low-sodium diet
Following a high-protein diet
Competing in a local 5K run
Magnesium absorption is enhanced by the presence of
active vitamin D
calcium
iron
phytates
